Thank you, Councillor Calvert. So, yeah, thank you very much for having me here today. As mentioned, I'm Policy and Project Officer at WSROC, and I'm one of two staff that are working across WesRoc's heat projects. Heat Smart Western Sydney is a program that we've been running in partnership with Hawkesbury Council, as well as the five other councils, the local health districts, and our consultant, Risk Frontiers. Next slide. So Heat Smart is one of many projects that we're delivering under the Turn Down the Heat strategy, which is WesRoc's guiding document in terms of its work addressing heat. So Turn Down the Heat was launched in 2018 and was developed in partnership with councils and a whole range of other regional stakeholders to look at how we can better address heat across our region.
So as mentioned, I'll be talking about Heat Smart today, which is a program I've been managing, but we've also been doing a lot of other work, particularly in the urban design space, urban greening, and looking at housing standards as well. Next slide. So I thought it would be, I guess when we talk about heat, often different terms are used interchangeably, and I thought it would just be a really good opportunity to talk through the different aspects of heat because different parts of the problem have different drivers and require different solutions. So the first is climate, and I'm sure I don't need to tell anyone here that Western Sydney is very hot, and the Hawkesbury in particular is a very hot part of Western Sydney.
I'm not sure how visible it is on the screen there, but this was a temperature profile for Greater Sydney from the 4th of January 2020, and you can see a low of 32 degrees in Pittwater and a high of 50 degrees in Penrith, and that's an 18 degree difference across our city. So climate is determined by sea breezes, by geography, and it's kind of the baseline that we're working with. On top of that, we have urban heat islands, and while that term urban heat is used pretty generically, it specifically refers to the tendency of urban areas to be hotter than rural areas, and that's due to a range of factors including the heat absorption of urban surfaces like asphalt, bricks, and cement, but also due to human activities like transport, the outputs of air conditioning units, and that type of thing pumping heat into those local urban environments.
And then on top of that, we have heat waves, which are extreme meteorological events. They're broad scale, and they are really life-threatening emergencies in many cases. So just, I guess, separating those issues is really important because they do require different mechanisms to address them. Next slide. Again, Western Sydney is very hot, but it's also getting hotter, and it's getting hotter at double the rate of the Sydney CBD. This graph here is from the Greater Sydney Commission, and it looks at the number of 35 degree days per year in the Sydney CBD. Orange is Parramatta, and red line is Penrith, and Richmond and the Richmond weather station is quite similar to the Penrith line. Climate change impacts are felt more strongly in Western Sydney, but also a key driver of this is urban development, which the New South Wales government suggests will double the temperature increases predicted from climate change.
Next slide. I guess heat on its own isn't really an issue. It's an issue when it interacts with communities and infrastructure and services. Heat has killed more Australians than all other natural hazards combined. It's responsible for 60% of heat-related deaths. And some of the stats here are talking about not the mortality statistics , but some of the other impacts that heat has on the community. This was a survey we conducted in May 2020 as part of the Heat Smart program. So we can see loss of sleep, feeling unwell, exacerbation of mental health conditions, people worried about electricity costs, but also service disruptions, including losing power to their home and having transport disrupted, which I personally know is a real issue on the Richmond rail line.
Next slide. Heat also has a huge impact on city systems. Energy network failure is the biggest risk, and in past heat waves, Sydney has managed to avoid that, which is fantastic. However, with growing levels of heat, with aging infrastructure and growing populations, the risk of wide-scale outages in future summers is growing, and that has flow-on effects for not only cooling and people safety, but also the critical services of everyday life. So mains water, transport, signalling infrastructure, fuel pumping stations, and electronic payment systems, some of the impacts that we saw during the bushfires and flooding events that we've had in recent years. We also see an increased demand on health services.
In the 2017 heat wave, Greater Sydney saw a 13% increase in ambulance call-outs during the heat wave, but that can be extended also to other community services and charity organizations. Again, wide-scale city disruptions, we see increased worker absenteeism, increased likelihood of workplace injury, and generally impacts to the economy. Next slide. I've included a slide specifically on the Hawkesbury. I guess to talk about the specific challenges that we have in the Hawkesbury. So, as you can see, there's a map on the right there, which was taken from Penrith's heat study from the 2020 summer, and that study found that Agnes Banks was the hottest place in Penrith. And I think that sort of runs counterintuitive to some of the other messaging we might hear around open spaces and development, because obviously Agnes Banks isn't a greatly developed area.
It has quite good tree canopy in a lot of areas, but it really, I guess, demonstrates that the baseline for Hawkesbury is quite high, given that it's not a highly developed area, given that the green space and the tree canopy is better than some of the other areas of Western Sydney. It's really something that's relevant to this LGA. The stars there, I've noted North Richmond, Richmond, Windsor, and South Windsor town centres, and I guess, again, thinking about the different problems we're addressing in those town centres, urban heat's really important, because again, we're starting from a really hot baseline. But also noting if we're already experiencing these extreme temperatures with limited development, we really need to make sure we're supporting vulnerable groups to manage these extreme temperatures.
Next slide. Westrox developed a resilience framework to address heat. So it's really, again, ensuring we're addressing different parts of the problem. Awareness is about a community awareness. It's also about understanding the risks from an organizational perspective. We can look at reducing heat. That's addressing urban heat, greening strategies, net zero targets, and addressing climate change. But we know that it's already hot, so we do need to look at how we can adapt our current situations, social housing, existing housing, and infrastructure services. Energy system resilience is a big one to make sure that we can live comfortably and in our current climate. And we also need to recognize that regardless of what we do with urban heat and climate change, we can do the best job possible.
We're still going to have those big heat wave events that come in and are impacting people's health and wellbeing. So we need to be prepared to respond. Next slide. So that's where HeatSmart specifically comes in. So this program is really looking at how we build resilience to heat waves across Western Sydney, with a focus on vulnerable people. And it's funded under the state government Natural Disaster Resilience Program, as I mentioned, delivered in partnership with the health districts and councils. The program has two key parts. So the top line there is looking at the governance and policy around heat wave management. And the output of that has been the HeatSmart Resilience Framework. I have a few copies here if anyone would like them.
And that really outlines recommendations for improving the support systems and the governance in place for communities. On the flip side, we've also looked at building community resilience. So community awareness and giving them the skills and capacity to manage their own risk in their own situations . I've included this slide just to emphasise the amount of consultation we've done in terms of developing these resources and the framework. So we've spoken with hundreds of organisations from local government, federal agencies, interstate community organisations, infrastructure providers, the Australian Medical Association, for example. So I guess just reiterating that we've gone through this process with input from a whole lot of different organisations.
Next slide. In terms of what we found in terms of the governance processes, I think the big takeaway is that heat risk is growing, and we are not planning for heat and managing heat in the same way we are for, say, bushfire or flood. When we think about the way we manage bushfire, because that's quite a familiar and established hazard, we have the RFS who provides expert advice, and also to council and to other organisations around how we should manage that risk. We have clear roles and responsibilities. We look at prevention, preparedness and response. Unfortunately for heat at the moment, the formal guidance is only around distribution of heatwave warnings, which doesn't actually do anything to reduce the risk, and it doesn't offer practical support to vulnerable people.
Next slide. The second part of the program, as I mentioned, is community engagement and upskilling. So we've developed a range of resources in partnership with the local health districts, three resources for communities, so for older residents, for children under four, and tips for a cooler home. We also have a range of social media tiles and videos to support that, and Hawkesbury staff have been really helpful in distributing those resources and sharing them via social media and other platforms. The resources have been tested with communities. So Hawkesbury Neighbour Aid was really fantastic in helping us test the Over 65s resource, and they've also been translated into 10 different languages, particularly for Different communities across Western Sydney.
The organisational resource, which is the yellow one there, is a particularly important one, I think, because despite in strategic documents talking about the importance of community organisations and service providers in supporting different groups through various natural hazards, not just heatwave, there wasn't any guidance at all available for those organisations in how they can best support their communities, but also improve their own resilience to heatwaves. So it provides some key considerations when planning for heat, but also checklists for in-home carers, etc., and that's all been sent through the health processes to obviously make sure that that's appropriate. Next slide. We delivered 20 workshops across last summer based on those resources to work with communities and organisations to talk them through that process.
We partnered with the Red Cross to do that, and that had a number of benefits. Obviously, they're quite experienced in talking to people about disaster preparedness, but also they have a huge volunteer network and can provide that content ongoing to communities, councils, organisations free of charge beyond the scope of this program. It was the first time that the Red Cross had delivered heatwave content. As I mentioned, it's often that overlooked hazard, so even for the Red Cross, it's something that they hadn't specifically focused on. So it was really great, I guess, to workshop that with them and deliver that to communities. In terms of the Hawkesbury, we ran a workshop in partnership with Council, which had 19 organisations represented, and one workshop for community members and one for GPs and health professionals.
And I will say that the Hawkesbury organisations and community members were some of the most engaged we had right across Western Sydney, which I think speaks to Council's engagement with those groups, but also due to the need and the experiences that they've had in past heatwaves. Next slide. So outcomes. We're still looking at reporting. However, in terms of outcomes, we've spoken to over 500 professionals across Western Sydney about how to better manage heat waves, including presenting to the Australian Disaster Resilience Conference. We've had key organisations formally supporting the framework, including the Bureau of Meteorology, the New South Wales AMA, and the Resilient Sydney Steering Committee, which is a committee made up of various state agencies as well as industry partners, and they have resolved to support a heat task force, which would basically include representatives from different agencies to implement the recommendations of the framework.
In terms of the community, we engaged with almost 300 participants across Western Sydney, which I must say is no mean feat in the context of COVID and floods and fires and everything else that was going on, and we relied really heavily on our council staff partners to help. of us get registration to those workshops. 3,000 downloads from the WesROC website, but that doesn't include a lot of our partners, including the health districts that also have been sharing that through their channels as well. Next slide. And I guess next steps. So next steps for WesROC, we'll be looking for funding and grant opportunities to implement some of the recommendations. We rely on grant funding from the state government often for most of our programs.
We have a few applications in progress. One is for someone to coordinate that heat task force amongst the agencies, and particularly to deliver on some of the recommendations, which include templates and guidance for councils to help them with their heat planning, as well as guidance around cooling shelters and best practice at the local level. We've also partnered with University of Sydney, Nepean Blue Mountains Health District and Nepean Blue Mountains PHN on an application to improve heat risk communication. And ongoing, we will continue our advocacy to recognise heatwave as a natural disaster under a federal legislation. So recently, several councils in Western Sydney had applied to the Climate Change Resilience Funding for heatwave resilience, but they were knocked back because heatwave is not recognised at the federal level as a disaster.
We're also looking to integrate urban heat and state planning policies, and myself and my colleague Judith are representatives to the National Construction Code Advisory Committee to increase housing standards. Next slide. Opportunities at the local scale. As I mentioned, council staff have been really supportive in all of the heat work that WesROC's been doing, and there's already work going on to have increased heat risk messaging over summer, looking at integrating heat mitigation in local planning, retrofitting existing suburbs with greening, and this is a picture I took at the back of my place in Hobartville with the awesome trees going in there, which I was very pleased to see. Working towards emissions reduction, and we know staff have been working in that space as well.
Energy resilience, developing those heat emergency plans, and also thinking about how council can work in with community organisations to support them in their work to support communities. And that's all from me.